If the only point of the juxtaposition
of Har Sinai with the laws of shemita in Parshas Behar is to teach that
the details of all mitzvos were given at Sinai, the lesson could have just
as easily conveyed by mentioning Sinai in the context of any number of
other mitzvos aside from shemita and yovel(Ramban). There must be some more fundamental connection
between the two ideas.
The gemara (Shabbos 88) tells us that
Hashem lifted Har Sinai and held it over the heads of Klal Yisrael and
threatened to drop it on them if they did not accept the Torah. From
here, says the gemara, "moda'ah rabbah l'oraysa," Bnei Yisrael had an excuse for not keeping Torah and mitzvos, as their
initial kabbalah was done under duress. Only later, at the time
of Purim, was there a willing re-acceptance.
But how can this be? We just read
in Parshas Bechukosai all the promises of reward for doing mitzvos and
the punishment of galus for disobeying. If mattan Torah was done
under duress and therefore the kabbalas haTorah was not binding, how could
there be punishment for disobeying?
Perhaps this was the question of "Al
mah avdah ha'aretz?" that all the Nevi'im and Chachamim could not
answer (Bava Metziya 85). They could not fathom why Klal Yisrael
was being sent into galus despite the claim of duress that would excuse them from punishment.
The Ramban answers (see Parashas Derachim
derush 22) that there is a difference between all other punishments and
the punishment of galus. Eretz Yisrael is a special gift. You
can use duress as an excuse to get out of punishment, but you can't expect
to get an extra special gift while making excuses. Our stay in Eretz
Yisrael is predicated on our acceptance of Torah, no matter what.
I think this is what the opening to
Parshas Behar is hinting at. The excuse of "moda'ah rabbah"
may work for other mitzvos, but when it comes to shemitah and yovel, mitzvos
that depend on kedushas ha'aretz and yishuv ha'aretz, even if given "b'har
Sinai," with the mountain suspended over our heads and under duress,
there are no excuses.
Monday, May 21, 2012
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still, duress might qualify the situation:
ReplyDeletegalus for disrepecting shemitah/yovel accepted
under duress = 70 years;
galus for disrespecting shemitah/yovel after
"willing re-acceptance"* = some 2000 years & counting...
*was the Purim acceptance more honestly grounded than Sinai's? at the latter, we were witless with terror (the overhanging mountain weighed heavily on our decision as we crouched to the earth); at the former, we were witless with relief (floating with weightless elation)
Thank you, Reb Chaim. I "borrowed" this, pretty much lock, stock, and barrel, and posted it on my site at http://beisvaad.blogspot.com/2016/06/bechukosai-vayikra-2633-34-shemitah-and.html
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