Monday, October 18, 2021

koVei vs koYei

In this past week's haftarah we have the pasuk (Yesh 40:31)

וְקוֹיֵ֤ ה׳ יַחֲלִ֣יפוּ כֹ֔חַ יַעֲל֥וּ אֵ֖בֶר כַּנְּשָׁרִ֑ים יָר֙וּצוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א יִיגָ֔עוּ יֵלְכ֖וּ וְלֹ֥א יִיעָֽפוּ׃

For some reason a lot of people misread that first word as "koVei," but the correct pronunciation is "koYei"  (see Ibn Ezra Shmos 9:3 and Radak here).

In Tehillim 37:9 we have a similar pasuk:

כִּֽי־מְ֭רֵעִים יִכָּרֵת֑וּן וְקֹוֵ֥י ה׳ הֵ֣מָּה יִֽירְשׁוּ־אָֽרֶץ

There the correct pronunciation is "koVei," not "koYei."  

Grammar is not my strong suit, so can someone offer a simple explanation of why what appears to be the same word is pronounced differently in the two pesukim and I will update this post?  

(Radak addresses this issue for anyone who wants to try to summarize what he says.)

3 comments:

  1. Simply put, IINM, RaDaQ (echoed by Minchas ShaY) says that the shoresh of T'hilim 37's "v'qovei" is quf-vav-heih while the shoresh of Y'sha'yahu 40's "v'qoyei" is quf-yud-heih (or, at least, that the 2nd letter of the shoresh is yud rather than vav).

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    1. What is the difference in meaning between the two shorashim?

      (BTW, that's not how I understood RD"K, but I could be wrong and am happy to run with your idea. Not sure though that it fits Ibn Ezra who says it should be a vav except sometimes a vav gets switched out for a yud.)

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  2. > What is the difference in meaning between the two shorashim? <
    Not to get too deep into phonology, but especially when you consider that the "proper" pronunciation of a vav is /w/ rather than /v/, we all might be better off considering quf-vav-heih and (assuming the other two root letters are the same) quf-yud-heih as variations on one shoresh. For more on the similarity between vav and yud, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Hebrew_phonology#Consonants and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Approximant#Semivowels .

    > Not sure though that it fits Ibn Ezra who says it should be a vav except sometimes a vav gets switched out for a yud. <
    I'm not an expert on ibn Ezra, but perhaps "ha'yud' tachas ha'vav'" (his comment on "v'qovei") doesn't mean what you think it means (and that's assuming "ha'yud'" is a correct representation of what ibn Ezra actually recorded as a comment) -- I suspect ibn Ezra is trying to tell us that the vav acts in this word as a consonant & the yud is essentially silent.

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